Geopolitical changes in Southeast Asia reflect complex and often fluid dynamics. This region is strategically located between the Pacific Ocean and the Indian Ocean, and has become a meeting point for various global powers. Some of the main factors contributing to this change include rapid economic growth, regional tensions, as well as the large influence of large countries such as China and the United States. One of the most significant factors is China’s economic rise. With the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), China is seeking to increase connectivity and investment in Southeast Asian countries. Infrastructure projects funded by China often attract attention, but also raise concerns about economic dependency. For example, port projects in Cambodia and Laos show how small countries can become trapped in huge debts. On the other hand, the United States is trying to balance China’s influence with its Indo-Pacific strategy. Through partnerships with countries such as Indonesia, the Philippines, and Vietnam, the US seeks to strengthen military and economic alliances. Joint military exercises and arms sales are part of this effort, with the aim of maintaining regional stability and security. Apart from that, maritime issues are also a major concern. The South China Sea, a vital shipping lane and rich in resources, continues to be a source of tension between countries such as Vietnam and the Philippines and China. The International Court of Justice’s 2016 rejection of China’s claims in the region exacerbated tensions, leading to increased military patrols from the countries concerned. In the domestic political context, many countries in Southeast Asia face internal challenges such as corruption, pro-democracy movements, and separatism. For example, in Myanmar, a military coup in 2021 reaffirmed the danger of political instability, which also impacted relations with neighboring countries. ASEAN, as a regional organization, seeks to facilitate dialogue, but its effectiveness is often questioned. In terms of social change, the wave of digitalization and the involvement of the younger generation in politics are also significant factors. Millennial and Z generations in countries such as Thailand and Indonesia are increasingly active in social and political movements through social media. This indicates a change in mindset that could influence future policy. The environment is also an important issue in this region. Climate change is having a significant impact on countries such as Indonesia and the Philippines, which are vulnerable to natural disasters. A collaborative approach is needed to address this problem, but is often hampered by different national policies. Relations between countries in Southeast Asia are also experiencing shifts. Countries such as Singapore, Malaysia and Thailand are increasing regional economic and security cooperation. Free trade schemes and bilateralism agreements demonstrate efforts to reduce dependence on external powers and strengthen regional positions. Lastly, globalization provides opportunities and challenges for countries in Southeast Asia. Trade between countries continues to grow despite political tensions, with sectors such as technology and tourism being the main drivers of economic growth. Changes in patterns of goods and services enhance cross-border economic relations. Thus, Southeast Asia’s geopolitical landscape continues to evolve, influenced by complex interactions between global forces, domestic issues, and rapid social change. This makes it a dynamic region with great potential but also significant challenges in the future.