The latest global energy crisis has had a significant impact on almost every sector of the economy and society. Increased energy demand post-COVID-19 pandemic, combined with geopolitical tensions and climate change, has led to drastic fluctuations in energy prices. Fossil energy sources, such as oil and gas, are experiencing unprecedented price spikes, worrying many import-dependent countries. One of the main causes of this crisis is Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022. This hostilities have disrupted natural gas supplies in Europe, triggering price spikes and concerns about energy security. European countries, previously dependent on Russian gas, are now trying to find alternative solutions, such as increasing the use of renewable energy. Energy transformation is becoming more urgent with increasing awareness of climate change. Many countries, including Germany and France, are committed to reducing dependence on fossil fuels and investing in green technologies. Investments in renewable energy such as solar and wind power are increasing sharply. By 2023, global capacity for renewable energy is predicted to reach more than 300 gigawatts, signaling resilience and innovation in the sector. In addition, energy storage technology is also experiencing rapid progress. More efficient lithium-ion batteries and other storage solutions are evolving to address fluctuations in renewable energy supply. This increases the long-term reliability of the energy system. On the other hand, challenges still exist. Many developing countries face difficulties in switching from fossil energy to renewable energy. There is still a gap in investment and technology between developed and developing countries. The monopoly of raw materials for renewable energy such as cobalt and lithium has the potential to create new problems in the supply chain. Government regulations also influence the development of energy markets. Many countries are now pushing for stricter policies on carbon emissions. Carbon trading programs and incentives for the use of renewable energy aim to accelerate the transition to cleaner energy. For example, the European Union has launched the Green Deal as a step towards achieving net-zero emissions by 2050. Changes in consumer behavior are also seen as a response to the energy crisis. Customers are increasingly oriented towards energy efficiency by switching to energy-saving products, such as electric vehicles and household appliances with low power consumption. Energy saving initiatives such as incentive programs for smart homes are starting to gain widespread attention. This trend shows that despite the enormous challenges faced, the global energy crisis is also fueling innovation and accelerating the transition to cleaner energy sources. International cooperation is needed to overcome global energy dependence and create a more equitable and sustainable system. In facing this crisis, a multidisciplinary approach is essential to achieve a balance between energy needs, economic growth and environmental sustainability.